Organizations Mostly Invest Huge Capital †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Organizations Mostly Invest Huge Capital? Answer: Presentation Corporate wandering is characterized as the type of money related venture by an association for winning upgrading business benefit. The investigation will set up an outside domain report for Samsung. It is a South Korean worldwide aggregate, which is additionally the highest dealer of gadgets items in worldwide market. Besides, the investigation will assess Technological Environment, Economic Environment, Competitive Environment, Labor Environment, Resource Environment, Customer Environment, Legal and Regulatory Environment and Global Environment. Moreover, the examination will likewise assess the primary dangers and chances of the association. Organization Overview Samsung is a South Korean global combination, which is involved various associated organizations. The head quarter of the organization is situated in Samsung Town, Seoul. The organization was set up in the year 1938 by Lee Byung-chul. Throughout the following three years, the association had broadened into various business regions like materials, protections, food handling, protection and retail. Samsung went into electronic industry in late 1960, which had driven generous business development. Additionally, Samsung Electronics has become the second biggest data innovation organization of the world by its income. According to the market esteem, the association has held fifth situation on the planet advertise (Samsung Australia, 2017). The income of Samsung is equivalent to 17% of South Koreas $1,082 billion GDP. It is additionally the biggest vender of Smartphone on the planet (Samsung Australia, 2017). The association has hold twofold the piece of the overall industry of the Smartph one to its nearest rival Apple. The piece of the overall industry of Samsung is additionally expanding for improving deals volume of TV, Refrigerator, speakers, shrewd home, home theater and savvy apparatus. Samsung has additionally held top situation in the worldwide market at the Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2016, which is the biggest versatile public expo on the planet. Samsung has additionally become the seventh highest brand on the planet advertise, which has really expanded its image an incentive in the entire world. Figure 1: Best Global Brand (Source: Lee, 2017) The novel plan and in fact progressed electronic items have made Samsung to stand apart exceptionally in the market. The resolute energy for greatness and steadfast duty of Samsung consistently give best items and administration to the clients. Outer Environment Analysis Mechanical Environment Samsung successfully utilizes mechanical progression of the created nations for encouraging the business development. Also, the specialized headway of the created nations like USA, UK, South Korea and others has driven the association towards joining inventive specialized highlights in the entirety of their electronic items. Besides, the association additionally utilized the computerized media headway of these nations for better advancement of their imaginative items. The association gets similarity of their creative innovation with the mechanical progression of these innovatively propelled nations. The association is likewise planned for propelling 5G innovation in not so distant future having the help of such cutting edge innovation (Jung, 2014). Notwithstanding, in some immature and creating nations, the association faces specialized similarity issues due to antedated innovation of those nations. Financial Environment While considering the nation of origin of Samsung, it has been discovered that South Korea is a financially evolved nation. Besides, the economy of this nation is based upon the fare of gadgets and vehicle items. Such created monetary state of the nation has really raised the arrival on speculation of the association. Moreover, the association additionally uses the created financial state of the nations like USA, UK, Australia and others. According to Park and Lee, (2015), the association has extending retail space and extent of including more product offering in created monetary condition. In any case, Manikandan and Ramachandran, (2015) opined that Samsung faces less benefit possibility in the feeble monetary state of certain nations like Myanmar, Malaysia and others. In such powerless economy, purchasers are obliged with their constrained profit and monetary strength. In this way, there is less benefit possibility for this association. Serious Environment As indicated by Ghanbari et al., (2017), in South Korea, the association faces extreme rivalry from the contenders like HP, LG and others. Such contenders are additionally giving same sorts of electronic items to the clients. Be that as it may, high brand worth and interesting highlights of Samsung electronic items have helped the association to make remarkable market position in its nation of origin. In addition, in South Korea, the association has snatched 59.31% piece of the overall industry, where Apple holds 20.12% piece of the pie and LG holds 14.34% (Refer to Appendix 1). Be that as it may, Kim, (2014) in the worldwide market, the association faces very intense rivalry from the significant market players like HP, Apple, Lenovo and others. Additionally, the worldwide advanced cell piece of the pie of Samsung has been dropped to 20.7 percent from 23.3 percent. Moreover, the quality and structure of Apple is making extreme difficulties for Samsung in its nation of origin just as in worldwide market. In this way, in the worldwide market, Apple more piece of the overall industry than Samsung with their special item includes (Refer to Appendix 2). Some Chinese players are likewise making very hard difficulties for the association. Work Environment As indicated by Chang et al., (2013), the adolescent joblessness pace of South Korea has declined to 3.6% from 3.8%. In such circumstance, Samsung gets wide work pool in this nation, which can upgrade the profitability of the association. In addition, the association likewise gets pool of gifted work for viable association execution. The representatives of South Korea generally face absence of employer stability in their association. In such circumstance, Samsung additionally get immense access to the activity hindered and skilled workers even in most minimal expense. Then again, Park, (2015) opined that Samsung likewise gets wide access to the work pool in the worldwide market like India, China and others. These nations likewise have expanding joblessness rate, which helps the association in getting wide scope of skilled works in such market. Asset Environment In South Korea, Samsung gets wide access to skilled HR in most reduced expense. Besides, Rani et al., (2016) opined that Samsung additionally gets wide access to the providers for giving crude materials to successful creation of electronic items. Additionally, sufficiency of providers gives extensions to Samsung in changing from one provider to others for getting best cost for the crude materials. Developing monetary state of South Korea helps the association in getting money related assets even in low premium. In any case, ?irjevskis, (2016) contended that in creating nations, the association faces absence of sufficient flexibly of crude materials because of insufficient providers. In addition, insufficiency of providers has likewise expanded the cost of crude materials in these nations. In any case, the association gets wide pool of skilled HR likewise in these nations. Thusly, the association has simple access to various types hierarchical assets in both of its residential market and worldwide market. It really adds to the authoritative accomplishment with diminished hierarchical expense. Client Environment In South Korea, the association has gigantic client base with its one of a kind item quality. As per Sundstrm and Radon, (2015), the clients of South Korea are sure upon their spending power. Also, developing monetary state of the nation has expanded their gaining and buying power. Consequently, they are increasingly disposed to live refined life having utilizing specialized propelled hardware. Besides, Deschamps and Nelson, (2014) opined that in the majority of the created nations, clients are currently innovative smart. Along these lines, such clients generally incline toward in fact propelled types of gear of the associations like Samsung. Along these lines, such educated clients really upgraded the business volume of the association. Then again, Salihu, (2015) opined that in some immature nations, clients are having constrained buying power with restricted acquiring sources. In this manner, such clients can't spend much on their sumptuous items line Smart Phone, TV, fridges and others. Thusly, such restricted spending intensity of the clients really diminishes the benefit possibility of the association. Then again, contender organizations are visit propelling new and all the more actually progressed electronic items. Besides, client inclinations and request are likewise changing with improved specialized headway in their nations. In such circumstance, the association frequently faces issues in fulfilling the altered need of the clients. Legitimate and Regulatory Environment In the outside condition, Samsung faces wide assortments of lawful and administrative strategies, which have enormous effect on its hierarchical achievement. Samsung needs to confront severe patent laws of the various nations. In such case, Samsung has just got punishment for overstepping the patent laws and copying Apples the iPhone and iPad. Such allegation has hampered the corporate picture of the association in the market. According to Daeyoup and Jaeyoung, (2015), South Korea has facilitated commerce understanding for improving industrialization of the nation. In addition, the association gets decrease tax rate for global exchanges and upgraded the benefit level from worldwide exchange. Moreover, Wen-Ting, (2014) expressed that the association additionally gets the extent of diminished business charge pace of the nation. It has really decreased the hierarchical expense of the organizati

An analysis of the childrens aid society and its contributions to the community Essay Example for Free

An investigation of the childrens help society and its commitments to the network Essay Assessment of Children’s Aid Society Statement of purpose The Children’s Aid Society is a 501â ©3 children’s administrations office that encourages kids in destitution to succeed and flourish. They do this by offering far reaching help to youngsters and their families living in high needs New York City neighborhoods (site). This association has created administrations that guarantee youngsters approach programs that advance wellbeing and health just as social-passionate improvement aptitudes. They additionally endeavor to ensure that kids go to school. The Form 990 on page 2 doesn't give any additionally nitty gritty data. With the accessible data from the statement of purpose on the site, just as Form 990 section I and III, it is hard to assess this charitable organization’s mission. The quality and the amount of the accessible data from the site, and Form 990 is hard to assess in light of the fact that the statement of purpose was not expressed in the yearly report. The Children’s Aid Society gives data about its projects on their site. The Form 990 and the yearly report are fundamentally the same as in light of the fact that it is nearly a similar data. They give numbers about what number of individuals they serve and the effect the projects have on the youngsters and families. The site and the yearly report 2013 both notice this data. Viability From the data acquired, the site gives the adequacy of the projects from the site, the yearly report and the Form 990. The automatic objectives state what number of kids get administration from different projects. The site gives the quantity of kids served by the association. The Children’s Aid Society has three significant projects that incorporate Early Childhood (0-5), School Age (5-13), and Adolescence (14-18). Youth The program’s objectives are getting ready small kids for school accomplishment through physical, social, passionate, and intellectual turn of events. The center administrations they give are Early Head Start to youngsters ages 0-3, and Head Start and Early Learn Day Care for a very long time 3-5. School Age-The program’s objective is to advance physical, social, and passionate prosperity as key elements for secondary school graduation and school achievement. This program serves to draw in kids, families, schools, and networks through an emphasis on scholastics, administrations, backing, and openings. The center administrations incorporate out-of-educational time programs in Children’s Aid Community Centers and schools, day camps, games, and the national place for network schools that give help to building up a network school model broadly and globally. Puberty The objectives of this program are to upgrade youthful people’s physical, social, and passionate abilities just as improving their scholastic execution and setting them up for effective professions and increasing budgetary freedom. As indicated by the Form 990, the center administrations that the association gives are the Carrera pre-adult pregnancy anticipation program, which meets the top-level proof of viability principles by the alliance for proof based arrangement. The EXCEL school bolster program helps youngsters to enter and finish school. The HOPE Leadership Academy gives fold over help and creates authority through a companion training model. They additionally give teenager work administrations, for example, AmeriCorps temporary positions and the mid year youth business program. Effectiveness From the data got from the three sources, it is hard to decide if these projects have been productive in the projects that they regulate. Subsequent to investigating the Form 990, there is no accessible data about the all out expenses per individual in the projects gave. The three most costly projects are young, puberty, and youth. Young The complete expense of this program is $18,843,068. In Form 990 on page 2, the association makes reference to that its objective is advancing physical, social and enthusiastic prosperity. Be that as it may, they don't specify a particular projects. In the yearly report, it expresses that they give wellbeing administrations to around 4,000 youngsters through school-based wellbeing centers. They don't give expenses to every kid served by the school-based wellbeing centers. The yearly report likewise expresses that the Office of Client Advocacy helped 345 customers maintain a strategic distance from ousting. There is no data on the program data in Form 990, pg 2. Immaturity The all out expense of this program is $15,402, 365. In Form 990, page 2 notices Carrera-Adolescent Prevention Program yet doesn't give any additional data on the quantity of individuals served and the expenses. The yearly report likewise doesn't state what number of teenagers were served and at what cost. Nonetheless, the yearly report expresses that the program diminished youngster pregnancy by 50 percent. The EXCEL school bolster program doesn't give data on the quantity of understudies filled in just as the amount it costs. The yearly report expresses that in excess of 90 percent of EXCEL understudies graduate secondary school and go on to school. There is no data on what number of understudies are in the program. The quality and the amount of accessible data isn't fulfilling in light of the fact that there ought to be nitty gritty data on the specific expenses of each significant program inside the program. Youth The all out expense of this program is $11,612,396. As indicated by the Form 990 page 2, the association makes reference to the Early Head Start program. The program gives numbers on its site expressing that every family gets at least 32 home visits a year for an hour and a half each. Be that as it may, it doesn't express the quantity of families served. The 2013 yearly report doesn't contain a particular numbers about the program. The quality and amount of accessible data are not fulfilling in light of the fact that there are no definite expenses of how much program costs. As indicated by the nonprofit’s yearly report, the administration and general organization costs expanded to $7,378 in 2012 contrasted with $6,546 in 2011. This association expanded its costs, which implies that they are burning through cash on approaches to build crucial and assess programs that might possibly work. The expenses of the projects from the Form 990 don't coordinate the budget summary in the yearly report. In Form 990, it states bigger regions and isn't explicit about where the cash went. In the yearly report, the costs are increasingly explicit however the expenses appear to be littler in Form 990. This shows the association isn't proficient in its projects. It likewise shows that they might not have given other fundamental data. Administration The Form 990 cases that the Children’s Aid Society has an overseeing body where the association records all gatherings. It likewise expresses that the panels have the power to speak to the association for the benefit of the administering body. This association likewise has various strategies. The two principle strategies that it has dependent on Form 990 are the informant arrangement and the composed report maintenance and decimation approach. The Form 990 states that the association comprises of 31 Board Members. These individuals likewise have the ability to choose different individuals for the overseeing body. The Children’s Aid Society has official centrality administration. Funds The associations current all out income is $117,154,454 and its present all out cost is $121,692,560. This association is running a shortage as opposed to an overflow. The association is losing its income stream and its benefits won't spread it for quite a while. The association is monetarily unreasonable. The association has net unlimited resources aggregate of $258,063,545 and its confined resources is a sum of $13,848,823. As per the Form 990, the association got an aggregate of $31,966,571 in commitments and awards. Be that as it may, it just burned through $31,966,571 on gathering pledges costs. In the wake of separating the costs by costs, an all out expense of raising a dollar was .09, which is low. The pay of the Chief Executive Officer is $408,431.00 and it is excessively. The normal pay as indicated by www.payscale.com states that the normal pay is $100,000 for a Chief Executive Officer of a philanthropic association. Subsequent to figuring the organization’s program breadth it came up to be .88 proportion from isolating its all out program administration costs by its complete utilitarian costs. Subsequent to examining the Children’s Aid Society, I confirmed that this association isn't deserving of a huge commitment since it isn't straightforward in giving data to the general population. Despite the fact that it has a high crucial in helping youngsters escape destitution, monetarily it is beginning to get impractical in its advantages and incomes. This shows the association is bungling its funds spending. This association doesn't acquire the seal of endorsement on the grounds that the potential contributor needs to give to an association that is sway arranged and accomplishes results cost-viably, which this association doesn't accomplish.

Home sweet violet capital of Ohio

Home sweet violet capital of Ohio I havent really done much exciting this break I havent taken a trip to Rome or Sweden, and Im not going anywhere like Chocolate World. (Im having a hard enough time convincing Adam to go on a post-graduation trip to the Bahamas hes been raised in a hard-core ski family, and has trouble understanding what one does on a vacation to the beach.) No, Adam and I landed ourselves an all-expenses-paid vacation to Pickerington, Ohio, which as you may or may not know is the violet capital of Ohio. True story. We arrived here yesterday afternoon (its always comforting to travel with an MIT airplane-scientist-in-training Im kind of scared of flying, and Adam always tells me stories about the tolerances of turbine engines to make me feel better), and since then have eaten Chipotle burritos (Im pretty sure they must have crack in them so good. So addictive), Mongolian barbeque (also possibly addictive), and frozen custard (surprisingly delicious). Im not sure what were going to eat tomorrow, but rest assured that you cant find it in Boston. We made a trip today to my favorite place in all of Columbus, the Columbus Zoo. I hadnt been there in almost two years, which is probably some sort of life record for me Ive loved going to the zoo since before I can remember, and if I couldnt be a scientist Id want to be a zookeeper. We spent about an hour and a half to two hours today looking at the various primate exhibits (gorillas, siamangs, colobus monkeys, drills, and bonobos). This probably would drive most people out of their skulls with boredom, but Im a neuroscientist, and nonhuman primates are my favorite kinds of animal. (Maybe even more favorite than H. sapiens.) Tomorrow Im making a trip to my old high school to visit the AP Biology class and talk to them about my research/careers in science, then visiting my moms class (shes a fifth-grade teacher in the district) for Adam to teach them how to fly model airplanes. In the evening, Im meeting up with my best friend from high school and were going to watch the high school musical (apres nous le deuge, of course!). I havent been back to Pickerington while school was in session in three years, so its nice to be able to do all the town-y stuff. I will note here that Adam was supposed to write an entry about his UROP tonight, but he got caught up in a few episodes of MythBusters and begged out. So you can yell at him for me. Questions answered: 1. Shen asked Im pretty interested in UROP and I noticed on their website there are two options of being paid. Could you discuss the differences? Shen is quite correct, there are two ways to get cold hard cash (well, really direct deposit into your bank account but you know) from a UROP. First, you could get paid through the UROP office they provide fellowships for students doing research. To get this funding, youll have to write a short proposal describing your research, get some paperwork signed by your UROP advisor and by your departments UROP administrator, and turn it all in by a deadline. This is how many students at MIT get funding for their research; in my mind, it has two major problems: first, you have to write a proposal, and second, the fellowships are somewhat competitive. I have heard that they favor first-time UROPs, though. If you get funded through the UROP office, you will be paid at UROP minimum wage ($9.00/hr). The second way to be funded is through your supervisors research funds. As I discussed last time, he who has the gold makes the rules, and many of the investigators at MIT are very famous and therefore have a great deal of gold. ;) You dont have to spend time writing a proposal, and although youll be paid at least UROP minimum wage, many students are paid more than that. (I get $10.00/hr because Im funded through Morgans RIKEN grant, as you can see from this random Japanese press release that I found while googling myself. Kind of weird.) Most UROPs at MIT are funded through supervisor funding. 2. Dan Simonson asked if my project is my baby, who is the father. I could at this point make some crack about parthenogenesis, or I could choose to take the sketchy route and name either my postdoc, Albert, or my faculty supervisor, Morgan. I am undecided as to where to go. 3. Jay asked Great entry. regarding the UROPs, is that the case for only the sciences, or is the same with engineering too? I always had this idea tht all one needed to do was to make a casual remark in the hallway to a professor and he or she would just throw money at you. Imagine Me, Hey Professor (insert name here) I was thinking about building a gold-plated hydrogen super car, how about it? Professor, That sounds great! Im short on cash right now, but here is a million dollars to start with. Remember to come back for more! Me, Thanks Professor (insert name here)! You are the best! Generally, I think UROPs are brought in on established projects in engineering as well, but I get the feeling that engineering UROPs get a lot more latitude with regard to their projects sometimes. Adam, for instance, goes in and gets told Design something that does x, and so thats what he does. And if he says, I designed this thing that does x better than the last thing you designed, then everybodys happy. I also get the distinct impression that my friend Ethan 05 went up to a professor who had taught a class hed taken and basically said Hi, Id like to work on fuel cells, and she kind of let him go to town. So in summary, as a scientist, I find engineering UROPs puzzling. 4. Adnan asked I was wondering whether you could better explain the presentation aspect of your research. You mention a PowerPoint presentation to the lab professor, how often do you present and what format do you present in? Also, you said that youll get to write the first draft of the paper if you complete the work in time, how hard is it to write the research paper? How long does it take? When I meet with Morgan, I go into his office with my postdoc Albert and Alberts lab tech Cliff. Cliff and I each get a chance to present the data weve obtained over the past month or so, and Albert steps in to help us if we get fuzzled. At that point, we also discuss the experiments were planning to do, and Morgan asks us questions about the experiments (did you try this control, were you thinking of using this assay). We also have to present any information weve learned from reading the biomedical literature. I dont meet with Morgan as often as Cliff and Albert do, because Im not in the lab each time they schedule to meet with him. Some UROPs also give lab meeting, which is a powerpoint presentation given to the entire lab group and lasting significantly longer (an hour to an hour and a half); Ive never given lab meeting. Im not sure how long it will take to write the research paper the depth in which a paper covers a hypothesis/set of experiments/conclusion depends on what sort of journal the paper is intended to be published in, and we havent really thought about where wed like to send the paper when its written. In 7.02 we wrote a research paper over the course of an entire semester (in pieces), and mine ended up being 15 pages long. If my paper covering the proteins ends up being that long, I suppose I could write it in a few weeks of serious work. Of course, the really long and hard part is doing the experiments!

Leadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership - 1386 Words

Leadership is known as the process of guiding groups, individuals and an organization in the establishment of goals as well as sustaining those goals. The concept of leadership incorporates a diversity of clarifications, leadership styles and theories. While looking at the leaders around us no matter if it’s our president or place of employment, we often find ourselves questioning exactly why these individuals shine in these positions. This essay will detail my leadership in relations of the transformational leadership style and a plan of action that will improve my leadership and motivation skills. The interest in the study of leadership has expanded over the past years. There are a great number of leadership theories, styles and models that have been presented to describe precisely why and how certain individuals become to be such great leaders (Northouse, 2013). People have often wondered the questions such as what accurately makes an exceptional leader as well as the ce rtainty of personality traits that could make people better-fitted for leadership roles (Northouse, 2013). With the interest in leadership throughout history, there have recently been a number of leadership theories that has emerged (Northouse, 2013). People often attends meetings in groups where there is always someone who took control of the gathering and situation, by passing on a understandable vision of our goals, and who always had a distinct passion for the work, with an ability to make theShow MoreRelatedLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership857 Words   |  4 Pagesproject shows that leadership is defined in many ways. Characteristics of a good leader are questionable. Leadership styles and theories, such as servant leadership, collective leadership, and dictatorship vastly differ but still share similar attributes. 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A manager’s upmost duty is to be certain that all team membersRead MoreLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership2172 Words   |  9 PagesThere are many leadership styles and theories.   Effective leaders are required to possess problem-solving skills, maintain group effectiveness, be dynamic, passionate, and be a motivational influence on others.   There are two leadership approaches that are most popular.   They are Transactional leadership and Transformational leadership.   A transactional leader is the traditional â€Å"boss† image (Yoder-Wise, 2015).   In such work environment, employees have an understanding that the superiors make allRead MoreLeadership Theories Of Leadership Styles4638 Words   |  19 PagesLeadership theories The full spectrum of leadership styles is broad. The leadership styles continuum ranges from very directive to very non-directive: Autocratic, Benevolent Autocratic, Consultative, Participative, Consensus, and Laissez-Faire (Gibson, 1995). 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How Is Violence In The Media Perceived In Society Essay...

The world today has a variety of problems and violence is one of the most prominent. It is seen on the front page of the newspaper and as the â€Å"Top Story† on the eleven o’clock news. Unfortunately, it is also widely used for entertainment purposes. In the New York Times a 1998 article by Faye Fiore stated: quot;On average last year, one act of serious brutality was found for every four minutes of entertainment.quot; Today, violence is a major part of electronic games, television, and the film industry. Violence becomes such an everyday scene for us that many believe it desensitizes us to the real world. That is why the majority of the time violence is perceived as the cause of many of society’s ills. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Whether we admit it to ourselves consciously or not, violence is and has always been entertaining. In ancient Rome, citizens filled the coliseum to see gladiators fight to the dea th. 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Inter-disciplinary approach There are many factors that contribute to violence against women. There are obvious factors such as substance abuse by both the abused or the abuser that lead to violence. Cycles of poverty and the stresses that come with economic struggle are known factors in violence as well. Economic struggles inside and outside of the home are stresses and not only doesRead MoreMedia Kids Essay1262 Words   |  6 Pagesattaining knowledge. This is true whether they are learning to speak or how to show emotion. The violence and risky behaviors as depicted on TV can have a profound effect on a young developing mind. It is well known that the first two years of life is when the brain undergoes critical development phases. During this time it is important that kids develop an accurate perception of the world they are growing up in. 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With the creation of the internet, a person’s access to sex in the form of pornographyRead MoreEssay on Media Violence: Censorship Not Needed1591 Words   |  7 PagesMedia Violence is a Menace, but Censorship Not Neede d      Ã‚  According to John Davidsons essay Menace to Society, three-quarters of Americans surveyed [are] convinced that movies, television and music spur young people to violence. While public opinion is strong, the results of research are divided on the effects of media violence on the youth in this country. Davidson wrote that most experts agree that some correlation between media violence and actual violent acts exists, yet the resultsRead Moreâ€Å"Don’t forget to take out the trash,† the mother tells her fourteen-year-old son. The son only1400 Words   |  6 Pagesthat is bound to occur. But this is not necessarily so. Since humans grow substantially during the thirteen to nineteen age period and are constantly in search of their place in society, adolescents in particular are easily influenced by their surroundings. By understanding the effects that relationships, birth order, and media have on teenagers, rebellion can become a â€Å"symptom† that can be q uelled without great difficulty. The first signs of rebellion usually stem from growing tension between the

Commerce as the optional subject Free Essays

When I was in the 9th grade, I took up commerce as the optional subject for the sheer reason of exploring it anticipating a career in a non-science field. My High School results card declared my excellence of commerce over science and I took that as a clue to take up commerce in Junior college to later pursue it in my undergraduate degree. I secured a First Class with a specialization in Financial Management Accounting. We will write a custom essay sample on Commerce as the optional subject or any similar topic only for you Order Now During my days as commerce undergraduate, I came across various options for a choice of career and perceived Management to be a challenging, versatile, innovative evolving preference of many. Though it attracts a multitude, only a handful are able to make a mark and I want to be amongst those few. Having finished undergraduate studies, unlike many of my batch-mates, I did not opt for a job that would train me in either back office support or bare minimum accounting practices; only to end up doing a clerical job for the sole purpose for earning money. I decided to continue my studies to shape up my career and choose Healthcare Management. I joined the Symbiosis International University to initiate my professional studies. The Healthcare Industry is one, which affects peoples’ lives contributes towards the building of any nation in a holistic manner. Also, globally one can categorize the Healthcare Industry as one with a high a potential for growth, development and innovation for a better living in times to come. The Business Week Magazine cites that â€Å"since 2001, the health-care industry has added 1.7 million jobs†, which is quite a high number when compared to other industries. Moneycontrol.com, a leading finance investment oriented website says that â€Å"A latest study by global management consultants McKinsey predicts that India’s healthcare industry will reach a staggering USD 190 billion mark in less than two decades†. Job opportunities in the Indian Healthcare Industry are like diamond mines in an unclaimed terrain. Early claimants get the maximum benefits. In this industry, I have discovered various opportunities that can be take me places. To blend my knowledge of finance with healthcare I studied Health Insurance at Bajaj Allianz, India’s leading insurance providers. Further, I worked with a healthcare consultancy a cardiac care set-up as a part of Project handling teams. Presently, I’m associated with a Super speciality Ophthalmology Institute as Manager (Administration HR). But, I have come to a conclusion that to succeed in this super specialized industry, I need additional education to build a better career. This is the reason why I look ahead at new horizons for enriching experiences to polish my know-how on Finance. I believe I have the dedication, resilience and resolve required to do justice to my aspirations. I am confident that these traits would help me to contribute to the challenging and intellectually stimulating environment of (NAME) University. How to cite Commerce as the optional subject, Essay examples

Dornbusch Model free essay sample

This can explain what appears to be excessive volatility in Exchange rates. The novel feature of the model is the explicit treatment of preferential speeds of adjustment in the goods and asset markets. Asset markets adjust quickly, almost instantaneously to shocks, while goods markets are sluggish, and adjustment is slow. The Doorknobs Model is a hybrid, it combines the short run features as the Mendel-Fleming model, which it not takes no account of expectations and the price level is fixed; and the long-run characteristics of the monetary model.What Professor Ruddier Doorknobs could observe during his exploration was that while product markets adjust only slow, financial markets appear to adjust far more rapidly almost instantaneously, in fact. The consequence of the real world is that financial markets have to over-adjust to perturbations, for compensating the stickiness of prices in goods markets. As a consequence of the delayed of the beginning of product prices, the interest rate, aggregate demand and the real Exchange rate return to their original values. Like in the monetary model, all the real magnitudes ends where they started, and the nominal Exchange rate at a new long-term level that reflects the proportionate change in the money supply. One characteristic of the overshooting model is that is likely to respond to a real perturbation. Doorknobs model has some appeal because Of the following reasons: 1. It is a model that is at once simple, elegant and readily understood. 2.While analyzing the effect of a monetary expansion, an important distinction is made between an initial phase during which only financial variables adjust and a later phase during which the real economy begins to adjust. A monetary expansion in Troubadours model Will instantly adjusts interest rates and exchange rates; later the price level begins to respond to the monetary expansion. 3. This model assume that the publics expectations about exchange rates are fully rationally formed.This implies that observing an increase in the money stock, they can also know the end result, they can also know the time path of adjustment of the economy towards this end point. In the short-run, they have perfect foresight. 4. According to what Doorknobs said, the only real adjustment that occurs in the later stages is the price adjustment. 5. Doorknobs shows that the exchange rate must initially overshoot its long-run level. It is also where we frequently observe what looks like excessive exchange rate movement. 6. Doorknobs assumes that prices are sticky in the short-run but ultimately adjust fully to he increase in the money stock.At the same time, Troubadours long-run results are that prices will increase in proportion, that interest rates will return to their original levels and that the currency will also devalue in proportion. B. EQUATIONS. GOODS MARKET: a) Short term and at any time: 1. Real demand for goods: Hyde q = s -?p (real exchange rate). The equation captures the essential link between aggregate demand for domestic output and the real exchange rate. As we know, the higher the real exchange rate, the more competitive are I-J products and henceforward the greater the demand. 2. Demand adjustment: D y constant.This equation says that the broader the gap among demand and capacity output, y, the higher the rate of inflation, C. Income is taken as fixed exogenously at the full employment level. If the demand diverges from that level, the outcome is a protracted change in the level of the prices in the economy. B) Long term stationary equilibrium: 1. In the long-run equilibrium our rate of inflation is zero. The only thing in the model that changes the real exchange rate is growth in capacity output. O O MONEY MARKET: 1. Demand for money: m -p = KY- Ir. Is a simply log linear formulation of the demand for money. Long term stationary equilibrium domestic price: = m KY+ Ir. Long term price level is determined by the long term income, and the stationary interest rate. The expected rate of depreciation is zero. The exchange rate is static and is not expected to change because it is at its equilibrium level. What this equation says is that the equilibrium price level is the ratio of the money stock to the level of demand when it is at its long-run c) Long term stationary equilibrium exchange rate: = (h-l k) y + m + Ir. The nominal exchange rate settles at the level. INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS.As I have already mentioned, financial markets adjust instantaneously. In particular, investors are risk neutral, so that uncovered interest rate parity (RIP) holds at all times. In the short run, the exchange rate will deviate from the equilibrium level, as a result of the sluggishness with which goods prices react to a disturbance. R = + Ease, where r is the interest rate of I-J, r* is the exogenously given US interest rate and Ease is the expected rate of depreciation in the value of the pound sterling relative to the dollar. B) Short term adoptive expectations about movement of the exchange rate ; Interest Rate Parity Line:Ease = 0 (S s), r = 0 (S s) + c) Long term stationary and expectation equilibrium: O = Ease = r r*. When the equilibrium is stationary, there are no expectations of any changes; because all the variable are expected to remain stationary. 2. Solve the model and derive the elements of the diagram which shows the dynamic adjustment after an exogenous shock. As Copeland says in his book, the aggregate supply curve is horizontal in the immediate impact phase, increasingly steep in the adjustment phase and, ultimately, vertical in long- r un equilibrium. In the long-run, the exchange rate is at its equilibrium level.Nevertheless, in the short-run, the level of the prices are fixed, because of the inherent rigidities that are so typical Of markets for labor and goods. The shocks that produce the movements in the nominal exchange rate are associated with changes in the real exchange rate and hence with current account deficits or surpluses. As Doorknobs model explains, over time, the economy moves back to its long-run real exchange rate, as a result of movements in both the nominal exchange rate and the price level. 3. Explain the dynamics in a diagram. For explaining the dynamics in a diagram we are going to use the graphic of he question before. As we can see in the graphic, the figure (a) illustrates the path taken by the exchange rate to satisfy RIP, where the exchange rate decrease. As a consequence of this, we can see in figure (b) how the decrease of the exchange rate produce a higher demand of outputs for the ASK. In figure (c) we can see the APP diagram, where it is assumed that the UK current account clears at the real exchange rate. Combinations of P and S above the line, where the real value of the pound is higher than Quo and that means that the UK is uncompetitive, and as a consequence it runs a current account deficit.

Secondary Data free essay sample

Q) What are Secondary Data? Secondary Data Secondary data is information gathered for purposes other than the completion of a research project. Data previously collected by someone else, possibly for some other purpose that can be used later for making decisions if found suitable for the purpose, other than the original one. Secondary data can be acquired from the internal records of the organization, their departments, subsidiaries or sister organizations and also from external sources, such as chambers of commerce, government, professional and commercial consultants subject to the availability of data . e. g. , data in books, journals, newspapers, magazines, etc. †¢ e. g. , data in reports, surveys, etc A variety of secondary information sources is available to the researcher gathering data on an industry, potential product applications and the market place. Secondary data is also used to gain initial insight into the research problem. Secondary data is classified in terms of its source – either internal or external. We will write a custom essay sample on Secondary Data or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Internal, or in-house data, is secondary information acquired within the organization where research is being carried out. External secondary data is obtained from outside sources. The secondary information will provide a useful background and will identify key questions and issues that will need to be addressed by the primary research. BENEFITS †¢ Low cost †¢ Less effort †¢ Less time †¢ At times, more accurate †¢ At times, only way to obtain data LIMITATION †¢ Collected for some other purpose †¢ No control over data collection †¢ May not be accurate †¢ May not be in correct form †¢ May be outdated †¢ May not meet data requirements †¢ Assumptions have to be made Q) What are the major problems encountered with Secondary Data? It is necessary that the secondary data are taken from a source which obtained from the original source, and then a secondary source is being used. It is important to avoid the use of secondary sources by using only the original sources for a Secondary Data. The other problems may include: †¢ Secondary information pertinent to the research topic is either not available, or is only available in insufficient quantities. †¢ Some secondary data may be of questionable accuracy and reliability. Even government publications and trade magazines statistics can be misleading. For example, many trade magazines survey their members to derive estimates of market size, market growth rate and purchasing patterns, then average out these results. Often these statistics are merely average opinions based on less than 10% of their members. †¢ Data may be in a different format or units than is required by the researcher. †¢ The methodology used by the party for collecting the secondary data is not explained and the accuracy level may not be verified. Much secondary data is several years old and may not reflect the current market conditions. Trade journals and other publications often accept articles six months before appear in print. The research may have been done months or even years earlier. Q) What are the major sources of Internal Data? Internal Data Internal secondary data is usually an inexpensive information source for the company conducting research, and is the place to start for existing operations. Internally generated sales and pricing data can be used as a research source. The use of this data is to define the competitive position of the firm, an evaluation of a marketing strategy the firm has used in the past, or gaining a better understanding of the company’s best customers. The main sources of internal data may include: 1. Sales and marketing reports. These can include such things as: †¢ Type of product/service purchased †¢ Type of end-user/industry segment †¢ Method of payment †¢ Product or product line †¢ Sales territory †¢ Salesperson †¢ Date of purchase †¢ Amount of purchase †¢ Price †¢ Application by product †¢ Location of end-user 2. Accounting and financial records. These are often an overlooked source of internal secondary information and can be invaluable in the identification, clarification and prediction of certain problems. Accounting records can be used to evaluate the success of various marketing strategies such as revenues from a direct marketing campaign. There are several problems in using accounting and financial data. One is the timeliness factor – it is often several months before accounting statements are available. Another is the structure of the records themselves. Most firms do not adequately setup their accounts to provide the types of answers to research questions that they need. For example, the account systems should capture project/product costs in order to identify the company’s most profitable (and least profitable) activities. Companies should also consider establishing performance indicators based on financial data. These can be industry standards or unique ones designed to measure key performance factors that will enable the firm to monitor its performance over a period of time and compare it to its competitors. Some example may be sales per employee, sales per square foot, expenses per employee (salesperson, etc. ). 3. Miscellaneous reports. These can include such things as inventory reports, service calls, number (qualifications and compensation) of staff, production and RD reports. Also the company’s business plan and customer calls (complaints) log can be useful sources of information. COMMON SOURCES OF INTERNAL SECONDARY DATA Information originating within the company 1. Sales invoices a. Customer name b. Address c. Class of product/service sold d. Price by unit e. Salesperson f. Term of sales g. Shipment point 2. Accounts receivable reports a. Customer name b. Product purchased c. Total unit and dollar sales d. Customer as percentage of sales . Customer as percentage of regional sales f. Profit margin g. Credit rating h. Items returned i. Reason for return 3. Quarterly sales report a. Total dollar and unit sales by: Customer Geographic segment Customer segment Sales territory Product Sales report Product segment b. Total sales against planned objective c. Total sales against budget d. Total sales against prio r periods e. Actual sales percentage increase/decrease f. Contribution trends 4. Sales activity reports a. Classification of customer account i. e. Mega, Large, Medium and Small b. Available dollar sales potential c. Current sales penetration d. Existing bids/contracts by customer location product Q) What is a computerized Data Base? COMPUTERIZED DATA BASE A database is simply a collection of related information. More specifically a computerized database is a computerized record keeping system. More completely, it is a system involving data, the hardware that physically stores that data, the software that utilizes the hardwares file system in order to 1) store the data and 2) provide a standardized method for retrieving or changing the data, and finally, the users who turn the data into information. For many companies, a computerized database containing information about customers and prospects has become an essential marketing tool. Creating an internal marketing secondary database built upon sales results and customer preferences can be a powerful marketing tool. Databases dealing with published information usually found in libraries, such as books, articles and other types of documents, are commonly called bibliographic databases. Computerized databases published secondary data, the Internet, and internal databases are important parts of an organization’s information system. Intelligent decision making is always predicated on having good information. †¢ When a person uses an automated teller machine to withdraw money from the bank account, he/she is using a computerized database. †¢ When a travel agent makes an airline reservation for the customers, he/she is using a computerized database. †¢ When a telephone operator gives the customer a phone number, he/she is using a computerized database. Any significant collections of information stored on computers are virtually always organized as databases and are known as computerized data base. Computerized Database On-line vendors purchase (rent) databases from a number of suppliers and sell to the subscribers (e. g. services provided by America Online, DIALOG). ON-LINE DATABASES Provide http: easy and direct access to public information through a computer. There are about 7,000 databases on a variety of topics that one can use. Q) Describe a specialized online data base of marketing manager? An online database which can be used by a marketing manager for Substantial Cost Savings, for Increasing the understanding of the Decision Environment, Upgrading the Decision-Making Effectiveness, Improving the Information Value. This may include: †¢ Internet – World-wide telecommunications network that allows computers to access data, files, pictures and sound throughout the world. †¢ World Wide Web – Component of the Internet designed to make transmission of text and images very easy. †¢ Uniform Reference Locator (URL) – Internet address that identifies a specific location. – A typical Web address looks like the following: http://www. microsoft. com †¢ Search Engines – Internet search directories to aid in locating topics of interest and URLs. – An example is Yahoo at http://www. yahoo. com On-line Databases Consist of: Internet, Direct from Vendors, Direct from Producer, Indirect through Networks Organizations Must Create a Database Management System. Managers must be trained on How to Retrieve Information and How to Manipulate the Data Using Database Management Software. A marketing manager can use a specialized data base to fulfill his/her tasks effectively and efficiently through: †¢ Internet †¢ Website †¢ Emails †¢ Online Subscriptions †¢ Online queries †¢ Online Feed back †¢ Newsgroups on the Internet †¢ Internet sites devoted to a specific topic where people can read and post messages. †¢ Databases on CD ROM A number of companies offer database packages on CD ROM for personal computers that is very useful for manager in decision making and other tasks. †¢ Geographic Information Systems †¢ Computer-based system that uses secondary and/or primary data to generate maps that visually display answers to research questions. †¢ Decision Sup port System – Through Online Data Base an interactive, personalized MIS, designed to be initiated and controlled by individual decision makers. – Managers use decision support systems to conduct sales analyses, forecast sales, evaluate advertising, analyze product lines, and keep tabs n market trends and competitor analysis. Creating Databases from a Web Site -A Marketing Manager’s Dream – Customer’s link to an online store is a two-way electronic link – Allows online merchant to gather information about the customer – Text file place on a user’s computer in order to identify the user when there is a return visit to the Web site. – Helping Managers in creation of a large computerized file of customers’ and potential customers’ profiles and purchase patterns. – It is the fastest-growing use of internal database technology. A manager has to build company’s online Pages on Search Engines. Working online to find out target audiences and provide them information through Internet services performing internet marketing services that are mention above. The services are designed to help the company’s website increase its. Through this Online Database a marketing Manager is able to get, Demographic Dimensions Population growth: actual and projected Population density In-migration and out-migration patterns Population trends by age, race, and ethnic background Employment Characteristics Labor force growth Unemployment levels Percentage of employment by occupation categories Employment by industry Economic Characteristics Personal income levels (per capita and median) Type of manufacturing/service firms Total housing starts Building permits issued Sales tax rates Competitive Characteristics Levels of retail and wholesale sales Number and types of competing retailers Availability of financial institutions International Market Characteristics Transportation and exporting requirements Trade barriers Business philosophies Legal system Social customs Political climate Cultural patterns Religious and moral backgrounds Common Government Documents Used as Secondary Data Sources Statistics of Income Survey of Current Business Through a specialized Online Data Base a marketing manager able to get up-to-date information. A marketing Manager able to, †¢ Evaluate sales territory. †¢ PLC †¢ Identify most profitable and least profitable customers. †¢ Identify most profitable market segments and target efforts with greater efficiency and effectiveness. †¢ Aim marketing efforts to those products, services, and segments that require the most support. †¢ Increase revenue through repackaging and re-pricing products for various market segments. Evaluate opportunities for offering new products or services. †¢ Identify products or services that are best-sellers or most profitable. †¢ Evaluate existing marketing programs. †¢ Database Technologies †¢ Database technologies continue to evolve. For example, Fingerhut, a database firm, uses a Sun Microsystems parallel co mputer, whereas American Express relies on Thinking Machines Corporation’s supercomputers. †¢ Renting Internal Databases †¢ Some companies rent their internal databases to obtain extra income, although this can lead to ethical questions. [pic]

How to Write a Term Paper

How to Write a Term Paper Writing a term paper is something that many students see as a problem nowadays. With the increasing burden of homework and, sometimes, part-time jobs, students can hardly find the time to do such things. How to write a term paper? This is probably the first question that comes into the minds of students when they are about to write a term paper. In order to write a good term paper, keep in mind that the instructions given by the teacher are your main concern. Keep the following points in mind and follow these steps to write a good term paper: 1. Read your teacher’s instructions thoroughly and make sure you understand them; in case you have any kind of confusion, ask the teacher immediately. Do not hold this on to the next day or the days after it. 2. Read the teacher’s instructions again and try to remember them throughout the writing of your term paper. 3. One hard-and-fast rule in writing term papers is that always keep in mind; ‘tomorrow never comes’! Do what is to be done then and there and do not leave it off to future dates. You will get more time for revising this way. 4. Gather as much material as you can, giving special care to the books, websites etc. that the teacher has already mentioned. You should keep these after submitting the assignment for future reference. 5. Take good care of the presentation of your term paper. An easy to read font and font size and color make the assignment look a lot better. Add a figure, picture or photograph if required. After all, a book may not be judged by its cover but term papers surely are! For more information about term papers and help about how to write them, visit our website.

How the standards for ascertaining the truth differ between the new Essay

How the standards for ascertaining the truth differ between the new scientific views of the world and traditional medieval views - Essay Example How the standards for ascertaining the â€Å"truth† differ between the new scientific views of the world and traditional medieval views? Scientists often came up with different facts, conclusions and theories but when this happens, the process of science helps in resolving these differences. Science is therefore viewed as valuable as the scientific methods and the scientific community can resolve any differences and come to a generally accepted conclusion because the overarching commitment of science is to â€Å"the truth† about the natural world. The medieval view of the world is based on old traditions and religious doctrines. Traditions defined people and their culture while religious doctrines defined the way people lived in the society. Christians sought to integrate traditions with religion and the result was one God, one church and one truth. These doctrines and traditions explained the world (Barret 12-13). All scientists are involved in the same enterprise of trying to explain how the world works. They believe in the scientific process of observation, experimentation and the development and evaluation of explanatory theories. The new scientific view seeks the absolute truth through scientific processes of observation and experimentation. It believes in the existence of fixed and unalterable facts and these can only be reached after detailed scientific investigation. The medieval standards adapted the truth to match their predetermined views. To them truth was based on tradition and religious views that defined what was true.

Marketing for small business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing for small business - Essay Example preneurial marketing operations, and has compared them to the marketing theories given by marketing books, with the aid of focus groups and interviews with entrepreneurs. The author begins his argument by establishing differences between the operations of a normal company and those of an entrepreneur’s business. While his analysis of the traditional marketing approaches is correct in pointing out that they are planned, formal, and largely backed by thorough research, his views about entrepreneurial characteristics being unplanned seem questionable. It is true that entrepreneurial activities can be classified as being ‘informal’, and intuitive, but this does not imply that entrepreneurs do not make use of careful planning to run their businesses. In fact, planned processes play as important a role in the operations of entrepreneurial businesses as in those of corporate giants. According to Delmar and Shane (2003), entrepreneurs are better off using careful planning than learning through trial and error because it enables efficient utilization of already scarce resources. Hence, this distinction made by Strokes in his article appear s questionable to some extent. However, the other arguments presented in the article to establish the significance of entrepreneurial marketing are stronger than the one analyzed above. The author has correctly identified the marketing-related problems of entrepreneurial businesses, including less focus on marketing operations, limited customer base, scarce resources, as well as lack of specialized skills since there is too much reliance on the owner’s competencies. By conducting focus groups of the owner-managers of different entrepreneurial businesses, he has maintained that entrepreneurs see marketing as merely a tactic to attract customers through promotion, and are not aware of its strategic meanings like fulfilment of customer needs and product development. In addition, the observation that entrepreneurial operations are

South Africa fertilizer production

South Africa fertilizer production FOSKOR Foskor Richards Bay is one of the biggest producers of fertilizers in South Africa. It was founded in 1951 as a single phosphate mining operation in order to prevent us form depending on imports of phosphate rocks, which are one of the most essential raw materials needed in the production of fertilisers. It has now expanded to having three main mining and production sites in Richards Bay and Phalaborwa. The facilities in Richards Bay are more focused on producing phosphoric acid and phosphate-based fertilisers and also locally distribute some sulphuric acid. Foskor Phalaborwa is a region famous for the amount of copper and phosphates available there and therefore concentrate more on the mining and beneficiation of these substances. Foskor is nowadays one of the prime international traders of phosphoric acid with a 12% share in the market, importing to countries such as India, Japan and Brazil. It does not only produce phosphoric acid, but also magnetite, fused zirconia, sulphuric acid and fertiliser granules. YARA/KYNOCH FERTILISERS Kynoch fertiliser was founded in 1919 at Umbogintwini. It started out an explosives producer but soon began producing chemical fertilisers as a result of the by-product of explosives, sulphuric acid. In 1924 it combined with Capex to form AECI (African Explosives and Chemical Industries), and was more recently taken over by Yara Norsk Hydro. The aim of Yara is to grow and sustain the fertiliser industry by exploiting their leading position in the markets of ammonia, nitrates fertilisers. Yara aims to evolve from being a leading player into the shaper of the nitrogen-based chemical industry, quoted from the Yara website (http://www.yara.com/about/vision/index.aspx) OMNIA FERTILISERS Omnia is considered one of the most environmentally conscious fertiliser producing companies in South Africa; it has won the 2008 Mail Guardian/Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism Greening the future award for Envinox plant. Its motto Growing food security, Growing profitability clearly illustrates the companys aim, which is to encourage farmers to use fertilisers as to yield more crops while preserving the Earths natural or enriched state as not to harm it. Omnia produces granular, liquid and speciality fertilisers which are manufactured at different plants throughout the country. Its biggest laboratory, Chemtech Agri, is situated at Sasolburg, which supplies the product directly to farmers and wholesalers. Other than supplying locally, it also exports from its Johannesburg division to Omnia business in Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi and Angola, and to wholesalers in east and southern Africa, Australia and New Zealand. They are also exporting more and more speciality products to Europe, South America and Asia. SASOL NITRO Sasol started manufacturing fertilisers and supplying to other companies in the early 1950s. They eventually decided to provide directly to farmers in 1984 by creating Sasol Fertilisers, now known as Sasol Nitro, which is one of the leaders in the South African fertiliser industry. It mainly manufactures LAN (Limestone Ammonium Sulphate) and ammonium sulphate, and nitric in Secunda where some of its facilities are located. It also produces granular fertiliser blends in Durbanville and Bellville, and liquid fertilisers in Potchefstroom, Kimberley and Endicott. These fertilisers are either sold for retail and on a wholesale basis, and are also exported to a few selected regions. Sasol also offers a special agronomical back-up system through its agronomists and agents throughout the country, with the aim to help and satisfy its clients. THE FERTILISER INDUSTRY IN SOUTH AFRICA AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY Africa is using the least amount of fertiliser in the world according to John Pender, a senior researcher at the International Food Policy Research Institute In South Africa the fertiliser industry is essential as much of population relies on farming in order to sustain themselves. If the crops have little yield, the farmers will not be able to produce much food to eat and sell, which will in turn mean little income and ultimately less money to spend on seeds and fertiliser which would enhance the growth of their crops. Therefore, bringing down the cost of fertilisers is the key to increasing its access to rural communities; and with South Africa being prominently poor, about 40% of the population, this cost reduction is essential, whether it is the price of the products used to manufacture the fertiliser or the actual retail price. Africas rich soil has been one of its biggest sources of wealth throughout the years as it contains diamonds, uranium and petroleum as well as coal deposits, oil and natural gas which are all sources of energy used to produce nitrogen based fertilisers. Therefore, there is ample opportunity for international investments to be made to the South African fertiliser industry which would ultimately enhance our economy. However, it is important to have a balance between the private and public investments to ensure that the pursuit of profit does not eclipse the continents need to feed itself as said by Jomo Kwame Sundaram, the United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development. The estimated gross value of South Africas agricultural output in 2003/04 is of R72 000 million. The demand of fertilisers comes from the demand for food, which is quite significant in South Africa. This demand is expected to rise in the foreseeable future, which implies that there will be a more intensive food production which will increase the need for fertilisers. The price of fertilisers is mostly affected by the international prices, the currency exchange rate and freight costs. In 2004 the prices were as follow: Urea R2 464/tonne MAP R2 075/tonne MOP R2 110/tonne CAN R1 691/tonne The fertilizer industry of today is fully exposed to the world market forces and operates in a totally deregulated environment with no import tariffs or government sponsored support measures according to fertusouthafrica.pdf (see reference page). South Africa, having no local potassium salt deposits has to rely on imports. This affects the rest of the fertilizer industry as potassium is an essential element in the manufacturing of chemical fertilizers, and the cost of imports are higher than if it had been found locally. We do import quite a lot of phosphoric acid from Foskor (about 725 000 tonnes every year) as well as about 400 000 tonnes of granular NPK to the Sub-Saharan Africa.

Love and Human Person Essay

1. Phenomenology is a way of seeing, of grasping the world from one’s lived experience, and as a method makes much use of epochà © and the phenomenological reductions to describe man’s experiences. 2. Using secondary reflection on my lived experience, I discover the inescapable fact of my existence: I exist as a being-in-the-world-with others, and this is because of the datum called my body. My body encroaches upon both being and having. * 3. As an embodied spirit, I am facticity-transcendence, temporality and historicity. All these are manifested in my being a homo faber. Work is a way for me to express and liberate myself, and to humanize the world. 4. Consciousness is intentional. Human knowing is a dialectical unity of the subject’s openness to reality and the self-givenness of reality in an endless series of profiles against a horizon of other possible objects. 5. At first glance, freedom and responsibility mean the capacity to choose, to act on my own, to be the source of my concrete actions and to be accountable for them. But as I gradually unfold in the world, I become free and â€Å"response-able.† Authentic freedom then develops into a â€Å"self-possession with an objectively directed project of life.† 6. Dialogue is not identical with love but it is required in love. The obstacles to dialogue are seeming, speechifying and imposition. 7. Love is the unconditional giving of oneself to the other as other. Love of the other as other does not run counter to self-love but presupposes it. Love is â€Å"essentially a movement tending to the enhancement of value.† (Scheler) 8. Justice is the minimum demand of love rooted in the inviolability of the human person. 9. The socius exists as a dialectic to the neighbor. The neighbor passes through the socius, expresses itself on the fringes of the socius or rises against the socius. 10. The family is not a problem but a mystery, a value and a presence, the incarnation of the pact between the human persons and life, rooted in creative fidelity and hope. 11. The state exists to provide the external conditions and structure for the human person’s being-with-others. The principles of solidarity and subsidiary are important to counteract the totalitarian tendency of the state and to promote the value of democracy. As a political being, the human person has a double-duty towards the state. 12. Civil society, as distinct from the state, the economy and political parties, offers an alternative framework for sustainable societal development, and resolves the contradictions of elite versus participative democracy, rights-oriented liberalism versus communitarianism, and welfare state versus neoconservative antistatism. 13. In being-towards-death, one’s existence can be either inauthentic or authentic (Heidegger). Death is a test of love and the condition of freedom (Troisfontaines). 14. Human love in itself, which is the crowning point of all of my activities, does not guarantee my total fulfillment as a person but fails short of my search for authenticity. Thus reflecting on my historicity, and facing the inescapable fact of death, I long for the Absolute Thou who is the Horizon and Ground of my earthly existence.

Deception Point Page 92

Through the darkness, a staccato burst from the nose of the chopper sent a torrent of bullets chewing across the Goya's fiberglass deck, slashing a line across the stern. Rachel dove for cover too late and felt the searing slash of a bullet graze her arm. She hit the ground hard, then rolled, scrambling to get behind the bulbous transparent dome of the Triton submersible. A thundering of rotors exploded overhead as the chopper swooped past the ship. The noise evaporated with an eerie hiss as the chopper rocketed out over the ocean and began a wide bank for a second pass. Lying trembling on the deck, Rachel held her arm and looked back at Tolland and Corky. Apparently having lunged to cover behind a storage structure, the two men were now staggering to their feet, their eyes scanning the skies in terror. Rachel pulled herself to her knees. The entire world suddenly seemed to be moving in slow motion. Crouched behind the transparent curvature of the Triton sub, Rachel looked in panic toward their only means of escape-the Coast Guard helicopter. Xavia was already climbing into the chopper's cabin, frantically waving for everyone to get aboard. Rachel could see the pilot lunging into the cockpit, wildly throwing switches and levers. The blades began to turn†¦ ever so slowly. Too slowly. Hurry! Rachel felt herself standing now, preparing to run, wondering if she could make it across the deck before the attackers made another pass. Behind her, she heard Corky and Tolland dashing toward her and the waiting helicopter. Yes! Hurry! Then she saw it. A hundred yards out, up in the sky, materializing out of empty darkness, a pencil-thin beam of red light slanted across the night, searching the Goya's deck. Then, finding its mark, the beam came to a stop on the side of the waiting Coast Guard chopper. The image took only an instant to register. In that horrific moment, Rachel felt all the action on the deck of the Goya blur into a collage of shapes and sounds. Tolland and Corky dashing toward her-Xavia motioning wildly in the helicopter-the stark red laser slicing across the night sky. It was too late. Rachel spun back toward Corky and Tolland, who were running full speed now toward the helicopter. She lunged outward into their path, arms outstretched trying to stop them. The collision felt like a train wreck as the three of them crashed to the deck in a tangle of arms and legs. In the distance, a flash of white light appeared. Rachel watched in disbelief and horror as a perfectly straight line of exhaust fire followed the path of the laser beam directly toward the helicopter. When the Hellfire missile slammed into the fuselage, the helicopter exploded apart like a toy. The concussion wave of heat and noise thundered across the deck as flaming shrapnel rained down. The helicopter's flaming skeleton lurched backward on its shattered tail, teetered a moment, and then fell off the back of the ship, crashing into the ocean in a hissing cloud of steam. Rachel closed her eyes, unable to breathe. She could hear the flaming wreckage gurgling and sputtering as it sank, being dragged away from the Goya by the heavy currents. In the chaos, Michael Tolland's voice was yelling. Rachel felt his powerful hands trying to pull her to her feet. But she could not move. The Coast Guard pilot and Xavia are dead. We're next. 111 The weather on the Milne Ice Shelf had settled, and the habisphere was quiet. Even so, NASA administrator Lawrence Ekstrom had not even tried to sleep. He had spent the hours alone, pacing the dome, staring into the extraction pit, running his hands over the grooves in the giant charred rock. Finally, he'd made up his mind. Now he sat at the videophone in the habisphere's PSC tank and looked into the weary eyes of the President of the United States. Zach Herney was wearing a bathrobe and did not look at all amused. Ekstrom knew he would be significantly less amused when he learned what Ekstrom had to tell him. When Ekstrom finished talking, Herney had an uncomfortable look on his face-as if he thought he must still be too asleep to have understood correctly. â€Å"Hold on,† Herney said. â€Å"We must have a bad connection. Did you just tell me that NASA intercepted this meteorite's coordinates from an emergency radio transmission-and then pretended that PODS found the meteorite?† Ekstrom was silent, alone in the dark, willing his body to awake from this nightmare. The silence clearly did not sit well with the President. â€Å"For Christ's sake, Larry, tell me this isn't true!† Ekstrom's mouth went dry. â€Å"The meteorite was found, Mr. President. That is all that's relevant here.† â€Å"I said tell me this is not true!† The hush swelled to a dull roar in Ekstrom's ears. I had to tell him, Ekstrom told himself. It's going to get worse before it gets better. â€Å"Mr. President, the PODS failure was killing you in the polls, sir. When we intercepted a radio transmission that mentioned a large meteorite lodged in the ice, we saw a chance to get back in the fight.† Herney sounded stunned. â€Å"By faking a PODS discovery?† â€Å"PODS was going to be up and running soon, but not soon enough for the election. The polls were slipping, and Sexton was slamming NASA, so†¦ â€Å" â€Å"Are you insane! You lied to me, Larry!† â€Å"The opportunity was staring us in the face, sir. I decided to take it. We intercepted the radio transmission of the Canadian who made the meteorite discovery. He died in a storm. Nobody else knew the meteorite was there. PODS was orbiting in the area. NASA needed a victory. We had the coordinates.† â€Å"Why are you telling me this now?† â€Å"I thought you should know.† â€Å"Do you know what Sexton would do with this information if he found out?† Ekstrom preferred not to think about it. â€Å"He'd tell the world that NASA and the White House lied to the American people! And you know what, he'd be right!† â€Å"You did not lie, sir, I did. And I will step down if-â€Å" â€Å"Larry, you're missing the point. I've tried to run this presidency on truth and decency! Goddamn it! Tonight was clean. Dignified. Now I find out I lied to the world?† â€Å"Only a small lie, sir.† â€Å"There's no such thing, Larry,† Herney said, steaming. Ekstrom felt the tiny room closing in around him. There was so much more to tell the President, but Ekstrom could see it should wait until morning. â€Å"I'm sorry to have woken you, sir. I just thought you should know.† Across town, Sedgewick Sexton took another hit of cognac and paced his apartment with rising irritation. Where the hell is Gabrielle? 112 Gabrielle Ashe sat in the darkness at Senator Sexton's desk and gave his computer a despondent scowl. Invalid Password – Access Denied She had tried several other passwords that seemed likely possibilities, but none had worked. After searching the office for any unlocked drawers or stray clues, Gabrielle had all but given up. She was about to leave when she spotted something odd, shimmering on Sexton's desk calendar. Someone had outlined the date of the election in a red, white, and blue glitter pen. Certainly not the senator. Gabrielle pulled the calendar closer. Emblazoned across the date was a frilly, glittering exclamation: POTUS! Sexton's ebullient secretary had apparently glitterpainted some more positive thinking for him for election day. The acronym POTUS was the U.S. Secret Service's code name for President of the United States. On election day, if all went well, Sexton would become the new POTUS. Preparing to leave, Gabrielle realigned the calendar on his desk and stood up. She paused suddenly, glancing back at the computer screen. Enter Password:_ She looked again at the calendar.

Osteoarthritis of the Knee in Athletes - 1637 Words

Osteoarthritis of the Knee in Athletes Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, is an endemic condition that affects 20 million people in the United States alone. Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis and is defined as a gradual process of destruction and degeneration or wearing away of the joint cartilage which typically occurs in the older individual age 50 and over (http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/330487-overview#a0101). . Although this diease is well known for its association with the natural aging process, it is also prevalent in athletes. Specifically, osteoarthritis of the knee has been said to be the most commonly affected area as a majpr weight bearing joint and is a growing epidemic in relation to sports injuries in the young adult. http://www.webmd.com/osteoarthritis/guide/ostearthritis-of-the-knee-degenerative-arthritis-of-the-knee. According to, (Vincent), among upper and lower reported extremity sites, the most common region for osteoarthritis to manifest is p’ in the medial compartment of the knee. The risk of knee osteoarthritis from knee joint injury is high; approximately 50% of individuals with an ACL or meniscus tear develop knee osteoarthritis [10-15]. A long-term prospective study indicated a relative risk for knee osteoarthritis of approximately 5 for any previous injury of the knee [13]. As cited in, _____, Thelin and colleagues determined that injury of the knee joint was associated with all knee OA in aShow MoreRelated5 Types of Physical Therapy911 Words   |  4 Pagestherapy Burner syndrome Osteoarthritis of the Knee Sport therapy: Today in sports athletes bear many mental and physical obstructions from there competitive environment. Negative belief and psychological pressure from spirited moments; create many interruptions for athletes who do not focus mental pictures in their minds. 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